WHY THE USA NEEDS A
21st CENTURY MONROE DOCTRINE FOR PEACE AND RECONCILIATION. * [With
the strongest and richest and some would say most Democrat country in the world
not attending to matters in its own back yard to raise the living standards of
the Peoples of South America - making an ill-judged and dangerous and unjustified
attack on a sovereign nation outside its immediate sphere of influence thereby
losing its rightful respect from many once friendly nations in the World.] * James Monroe (1758-1831) JAMES MONROE’S address on Federal Experiments in History. Delivered in the Virginia Constitutional
Convention of 1788, was an argument in favour of Federal Union, but against the
Constitution submitted to the Philadelphia Convention. Aside from the opinions
it expresses, it has a permanent historical value. [Particularly in the early years of the 21st
century] Monroe was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia,
April
28th, 1758. After service in the Continental Army, he
was elected to the Virginia Assembly and to Congress, where he served in both
the House of Representatives and the Senate. Between 1794 and 1815 he was United
States Minister to France, Governor of Virginia, one of the negotiators of the
Louisiana Purchase, United States Minister to Great Britain, secretary of
State, and Secretary of War. In 1816 he became fifth
President of the United States His
administration of eight years is known as the “Era of Good Feeling,” and is
memorable because of the adoption of the policy recommended by him and known as
the “Monroe Doctrine” -under which the intervention of European Powers in the AFFAIRS of any American Republic is declared “the manifestation of an
unfriendly disposition towards the United States [of America]. MONROE died at New York, July
4th, 1832 * THE MONROE DOCTRINE (delivered December, 1823) “In the wars of the European
Powers in matters relating to themselves, we have never taken any part, nor
does it comport with our policy so to do. It is only when our RIGHTS
are invaded, or seriously menaced, that we resent injuries, or make
preparations for our DEFENCE. With the movements in this hemisphere, we are of necessity, more immediately connected, and by causes which must be obvious to all enlightened and impartial observers. The political system of the
Allied Powers is essentially different in this respect from that of America. This
difference proceeds from that which exists in their respective governments; and
to the DEFENCE
of our OWN, which has been achieved by the loss of so much blood and treasure,
and matured by the wisdom of their most enlightened citizens, and under which
we have enjoyed unexampled felicity, this WHOLE NATION IS DEVOTED. We owe it therefore, to
candour, and to the amicable relation existing between the United States and
those European Powers, to declare that we should consider any attempt on their
part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as DANGEROUS to
our PEACE and SAFETY. With the existing Colonies
of Dependencies of any European Power we have not interfered, and shall not
interfere. But with the GOVERNMENTS who
have declared their INDEPENDENCE and maintained it, and whose INDEPENDENCE we have,
on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view
any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them, or controlling in any
manner their destiny by any EUROPEAN POWER, in any other light than as the
manifestation of an UNFRIENDLY DISPOSITION TOWARD THE UNITED STATES.” * * * [One can see that the MONROE
DOCTRINE is as important to AMERICA in the early years of the 21st Century
as it has always been in the PAST. But
the USA can only justify its stance if it ITSELF maintains an ardent defender
of those peoples who value their DEMOCRACY of its probity in maintaining a JUST
action in all its dealings with other Nation States.] * * * [Font altered-bolding &
underlining used-comments in brackets] MARCH/06 * [As at a future time there may come an acceptance by the Independent Nation States of Great Britain to consider their own Confederation because of the obvious weakness which has been revealed in our own Constitution because of the drip-fed LOSS of almost all the CHECKS and BALANCES over the past 40 years but particularly over the past nine years because of the lack of suitable machinery in place for the MONARCH and her LIONS about the THRONE to VETO that which is
UNCONSTITUTIONAL.] * “Federal Experiments In
History” by James Monroe (Delivered in the Virginian
Constitutional Convention, June 10th, 1788) I
CANNOT avoid expressing the great anxiety which I feel upon the present
occasion - an anxiety that proceeds not only from a high sense of the
importance of the subject, but from a profound respect for this august and
venerable ASSEMBLY. When we contemplate the fate that has befallen other nations [ENGLAND in 2006], whether we cast our eyes back into the remotest ages of antiquity, or derive instruction from those examples which modern times have presented to our view, and observe how prone all human institutions have been to decay; how subject the best- formed and most wisely organised governments have been to lose their CHECKS and totally dissolve; how difficult it has been for mankind, in all ages and countries, to preserve their dearest RIGHTS and BEST PRIVILEGES, impelled as it were, by an irresistible fate of DESPOTISM [Don’t we know that with King Tony Blair these last
nine years?] -if we look forward to those prospects that sooner or later await our country, unless upon a mind the most sanguine and benevolent some gloomy apprehensions must necessarily crowd. This
consideration is sufficient to teach us the limited capacity of the human mind -how
subject the wisest men have been in error. For my part [James Monroe], sir, I come forward here (The Virginian Constitutional Convention), not as the partisan of this or that side of the question, but to commend where the subject appears to me to deserve commendation; to suggest my doubts where I have any; to hear with candour the explanation of others; and, in the ultimate result, to act as shall appear for the best advantage of our COMMON COUNTRY. The American States exhibit at present a new and interesting spectacle to the eyes of mankind. Modern Europe, for more than twelve centuries past, has presented to view one of a very different kind. In all the nations of that quarter of the globe, there has been a constant effort, on the part of the people, to extricate themselves from the oppression of their rulers; but with us the object is of a very different nature: -to establish the dominion of law over licentiousness; to increase the powers of the NATIONAL GOVERNMENT to such an extent and organise it in such a manner, as to enable it to discharge its duties and manage the affairs of the STATES to the best advantage. There are two circumstances remarkable in our colonial settlement: first, the exclusive monopoly of our trade; second, that it was settled by the COMMONS
OF ENGLAND -
Only! The Revolution, in having emancipated us from the shackles of Great Britain, has put the entire government in the hands of one order of people only- freemen; not of nobles and freemen. This is the particular trait in the character of the Revolution. That this sacred deposit may be always retained there is my most urgent wish and fervent prayer That Union is for the security of our political happiness, in the hands of gracious Providence, is well understood and universally admitted through all the United States. From New Hampshire to Georgia (Rhode Island excepted), the people have uniformly manifested a strong attachment to the Union. This attachment has resulted from a persuasion of its utility and necessity. In short, this is a point so well known that it is needless to trespass on your patience any longer about it. A recurrence has been had to HISTORY. Ancient and Modern Leagues have been mentioned [within the Convention Hall], to make impressions [and in ENGLAND in 2006 our intention is the same] Will they admit of any analogy with our situation? The same principles will produce the same results. Permit me to take a REVIEW of these LEAGUES which the honourable gentleman has mentioned; which are- First. - The Amphictyonic Council. Second. - The Achaean League. Third. - The German System. Fourth. - The Swiss Cantons. Fifth. - The United Netherlands. Sixth. - The New England Confederacy. Before I develop the principles of these leagues, permit me to speak of what must influence the happiness and duration of LEAGUES. These principles depend on the following circumstances: First, the happy construction of the GOVERNMENT of the MEMBERS of the UNION; second, the SECURITY from FOREIGN DANGER. For instance monarchies united would separate soon; aristocracies would preserve their union longer; but democracies, unless separated by some extraordinary circumstance would last forever. [Unless as in 2006
in ENGLAND and over the past nine years there is a man called Tony Blair
involved] The CAUSES of half the WARS that have thinned the ranks of mankind, and depopulated NATIONS are. - CAPRICE FOLLY AMBITION -these belong to the higher order of GOVRNMENTS, where
the passions of one, or of a few individuals
[As in America
and England in 2003 and still today in March 2006] direct the fate of the rest
of the community. But it is otherwise with democracies [Or should be] where there is equality among the citizens, and a foreign and powerful enemy, especially a monarch, may crush weaker neighbours. Let us see how far these positions are supported by the HISTORY of the LEAGUES, and how they apply to us. The Amphictyonic Council consisted of three members
- Sparta, Thebes and Athens. What
was the construction of these STATES? Sparta was a monarchy more analogous to the CONSTITUTION OF ENGLAND -than any I have heard of in modern times [1788]. Thebes was a democracy, but on different
principles from modern democracies. Representation was not known to then. Athens, like Thebes was generally democratic, but sometimes changed. In
these two States the people transacted their business in person; consequently
they could not be of any great extent. There was a perpetual variance between the Members of the Confederacy, and its ultimate dissolution was attributed to this defect. The weakest were obliged to call for foreign aid, and
this precipitated the ruin of the confederacy. The Achaean League had more analogy with ours [USA], and gives me great hopes that the apprehensions of gentlemen with respect to our confederacy are groundless. They were all democratic, and firmly united. What
was the effect? The most perfect harmony and friendship subsisted among them, and they were very active in guarding their liberties. The history of that confederacy does not present us with those confusions and internal convulsions, which gentlemen ascribe to all governments of a CONFEDERATE KIND. The most respectable historians prove this confederacy to have been exempt from their defects . . . . This league was founded on democratical principles, and from the wisdom of its structure, continued a far greater length of time than any other. Its members, like our States, by their confederation, retained their individual sovereignty and enjoyed perfect equality. WHAT DESTROYED IT? NOT Internal Dissentions. They were surrounded by great and powerful nations - the Lacedaemonians, Macedonians, and Etolians. The Etolians and Lacedaemonians making war on them, they solicited the assistance of Macedon, who no sooner granted it than she became their possessor. To free themselves from the tyranny of the Macedonians, they prayed succour from the Romans, who, after relieving them from their oppressors, soon totally enslaved them. THE GERMANIC body is a LEAGUE of INDEPENDENT
PRINCIPALITIES.[300] It has no analogy to our system [USA]. It is very injudiciously organised. Its members are kept together by the fear of danger from one another, and from foreign powers, and by the influence of the Emperor. THE SWISS CANTONS have been instanced, also, as a proof of the natural imbecility of FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS. Their LEAGUE has sustained a variety of changes; and, notwithstanding the many causes that tend to disunite them, THEY STAND FIRM. We have not the same causes of disunion or internal variance that they have. The INDIVIDUAL cantons composing the LEAGUE are chiefly aristocratic. What an opportunity does this offer to foreign powers to disturb them by bribing and corrupting their aristocrats! It is well known that their services have been frequently purchased by foreign nations. Their difference of religion has been a source of divisions and animosity among them, and tended to disunite them. This tendency has been considerably increased by the interference of FOREIGN NATIONS. The contiguity of their position to those nations rendering such interference easy. They have been kept together by the fear of those nations, and the nature of their ASSOCIATION; the leading features of which are a principle of equality between the CANTONS, and the retention of INDIVIDUAL SOVEREIGNTY. The
same reasoning applies nearly to the United Netherlands. The other confederacy [New England] which has been mentioned has no kind of analogy to our situation. From the review of these LEAGUES, we find the causes of the misfortunes of those which have been dissolved to have been a dissimilarity of structure in the INDIVIDUAL members, the facility of foreign interference, and recurrence to FOREIGN AID. After this review of those LEAGUES, if we consider our competitive situation, we shall find nothing can be adduced from any of them to warrant a departure from a CONFEDERACY to a consolidation, on the principle of inefficacy in the former to secure our happiness. The causes which, with other nations, rendered LEAGUES ineffectual and inadequate to the security and happiness of the PEOPLE, do not exist HERE [USA]. WHAT IS THE FORM OF STATE GOVERNMENTS! They are all similar in THEIR structure - perfectly DEMOCRATIC. THE FREEDOM OF MANKIND has found an ASYLUM here [USA] which
it could find nowhere else. FREEDOM
of CONSCIENCE is enjoyed HERE in the FULLEST DEGREE. Our
STATES are not disturbed by a contrariety of religious opinions and other
causes of quarrels which other nations have.
They have no causes of internal variance. Causes
of war between the States have been represented in all those terrors which
splendid genius and brilliant imagination can so well depict. But, sir, I conceive they are imaginary, -
mere creatures of fancy. [ Words spoken in 1788] * * * [Font
altered-bolding & underlining used -comments in brackets] APRIL/06 *
* [Latest Addition - June07] * * *
*
Daniel Hannan - Forming an OPPOSITION to the EU
*
VOTE MAY -2007
WITH THE ONLY PARTY WITH A MANDATE TO SET YOU FREE
THE UK INDEPENDENCE PARTY
TO RECLAIM YOUR DEMOCRACY DON'T VOTE FOR THE TRIPARTITE PARTIES IN WESTMINSTER BUT SMALL PARTIES THAT SPEAK THEIR MINDS WITHOUT SPIN AND LIES. *
ONLY WILL BRING DEMOCRACY BACK TO THE ENGLISH PEOPLE * WHY NOT
* MAY/07
[All underlined words have a separate bulletin]
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