Index | Bill
of Rights | Additional
Amendments
[Constitution for the United
States of America][1]
We the People of the United
States, in Order to form a more perfect Union,
establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility,
provide for the common defence, promote the general
Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to
ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish
this Constitution for the United States of America.
Article. I.
Section. 1.
All legislative Powers herein granted shall be
vested in a Congress of the United States, which
shall consist of a Senate and House of
Representatives.
Section. 2.
The House of Representatives shall be composed of
Members chosen every second Year by the People of
the several States, and the Electors in each State
shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors
of the most numerous Branch of the State
Legislature.
No Person shall be a
Representative who shall not have attained to the
Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a
Citizen of the United States, and who shall not,
when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in
which he shall be chosen.
Representatives and direct
Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States
which may be included within this Union, according
to their respective Numbers, which shall be
determined by adding to the whole Number of free
Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term
of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three
fifths of all other Persons
[Modified
by Amendment XIV]. The actual Enumeration shall
be made within three Years after the first Meeting
of the Congress of the United States, and within
every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner
as they shall by Law direct. The Number of
Representatives shall not exceed one for every
thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least
one Representative; and until such enumeration shall
be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be
entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight,
Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one,
Connecticut five, New-York six, New Jersey four,
Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six,
Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina
five, and Georgia three.
When vacancies happen in the
Representation from any State, the Executive
Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to
fill such Vacancies.
The House of Representatives shall
chuse their Speaker and other Officers; and shall
have the sole Power of Impeachment.
Section. 3.
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of
two Senators from each State, chosen by the
Legislature thereof [Modified
by Amendment XVII], for six Years; and each
Senator shall have one Vote.
Immediately after they shall be
assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they
shall be divided as equally as may be into three
Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first
Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the
second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration
of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the
Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may
be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies
happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the
Recess of the Legislature of any State, the
Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments
until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which
shall then fill such Vacancies [Modified
by Amendment XVII].
No Person shall be a Senator who
shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years,
and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States,
and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of
that State for which he shall be chosen.
The Vice President of the United
States shall be President of the Senate, but shall
have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.
The Senate shall chuse their other
Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the
Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall
exercise the Office of President of the United
States.
The Senate shall have the sole
Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that
Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When
the President of the United States is tried, the
Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be
convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of
the Members present.
Judgment in Cases of Impeachment
shall not extend further than to removal from
Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any
Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United
States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless
be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment
and Punishment, according to Law.
Section. 4.
The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections
for Senators and Representatives, shall be
prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof;
but the Congress may at any time by Law make or
alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of
chusing Senators.
The Congress shall assemble at
least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall
be on the first Monday in December [Modified
by Amendment XX], unless they shall by Law
appoint a different Day.
Section. 5.
Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections,
Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a
Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do
Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day
to day, and may be authorized to compel the
Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and
under such Penalties as each House may provide.
Each House may determine the Rules
of its Proceedings, punish its Members for
disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of
two thirds, expel a Member.
Each House shall keep a Journal of
its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the
same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment
require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the
Members of either House on any question shall, at
the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered
on the Journal.
Neither House, during the Session
of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the
other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any
other Place than that in which the two Houses shall
be sitting.
Section. 6.
The Senators and Representatives shall receive a
Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained
by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United
States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason,
Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from
Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of
their respective Houses, and in going to and
returning from the same; and for any Speech or
Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned
in any other Place.
No Senator or Representative
shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be
appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of
the United States, which shall have been created, or
the Emoluments whereof shall have been encreased
during such time; and no Person holding any Office
under the United States, shall be a Member of either
House during his Continuance in Office.
Section. 7.
All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the
House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose
or concur with Amendments as on other Bills.
Every Bill which shall have passed
the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall,
before it become a Law, be presented to the
President of the United States;[2]
If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall
return it, with his Objections to that House in
which it shall have originated, who shall enter the
Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to
reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two
thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill,
it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to
the other House, by which it shall likewise be
reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that
House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases
the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas
and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for
and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal
of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be
returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays
excepted) after it shall have been presented to him,
the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had
signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment
prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a
Law.
Every Order, Resolution, or Vote
to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of
Representatives may be necessary (except on a
question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the
President of the United States; and before the Same
shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or
being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two
thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives,
according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in
the Case of a Bill.
Section. 8.
The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect
Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts
and provide for the common Defence and general
Welfare of the United States; but all Duties,
Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the
United States;
To borrow Money on the credit of
the United States;
To regulate Commerce with foreign
Nations, and among the several States, and with the
Indian Tribes;
To establish an uniform Rule of
Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of
Bankruptcies throughout the United States;
To coin Money, regulate the Value
thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard
of Weights and Measures;
To provide for the Punishment of
counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of
the United States;
To establish Post Offices and post
Roads;
To promote the Progress of Science
and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to
Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their
respective Writings and Discoveries;
To constitute Tribunals inferior
to the supreme Court;
To define and punish Piracies and
Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences
against the Law of Nations;
To declare War, grant Letters of
Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning
Captures on Land and Water;
To raise and support Armies, but
no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a
longer Term than two Years;
To provide and maintain a Navy;
To make Rules for the Government
and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;
To provide for calling forth the
Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress
Insurrections and repel Invasions;
To provide for organizing, arming,
and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing
such Part of them as may be employed in the Service
of the United States, reserving to the States
respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and
the Authority of training the Militia according to
the discipline prescribed by Congress;
To exercise exclusive Legislation
in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not
exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of
particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress,
become the Seat of the Government of the United
States, and to exercise like Authority over all
Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature
of the State in which the Same shall be, for the
Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards,
and other needful Buildings; — And
To make all Laws which shall be
necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the
foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by
this Constitution in the Government of the United
States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
Section. 9.
The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any
of the States now existing shall think proper to
admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior
to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight,
but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such
Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each
Person.
The Privilege of the Writ of
Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in
Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may
require it.
No Bill of Attainder or ex post
facto Law shall be passed.
No Capitation, or other direct,
Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the
Census or Enumeration herein before directed to be
taken.
No Tax or Duty shall be laid on
Articles exported from any State.
No Preference shall be given by
any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports
of one State over those of another; nor shall
Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to
enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.
No Money shall be drawn from the
Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made
by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the
Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall
be published from time to time.
No Title of Nobility shall be
granted by the United States: And no Person holding
any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall,
without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any
present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind
whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State.
Section. 10.
No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or
Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal;
coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but
gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts;
pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or
Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant
any Title of Nobility.
No State shall, without the
Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties
on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely
necessary for executing it's inspection Laws; and
the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by
any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the
Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all
such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and
Controul of the Congress.
No State shall, without the
Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep
Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into
any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with
a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually
invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not
admit of delay.
Article. II.
Section. 1.
The executive Power shall be vested in a President
of the United States of America. He shall hold his
Office during the Term of four Years, and, together
with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term,
be elected, as follows:
Each State shall appoint, in such
Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a
Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of
Senators and Representatives to which the State may
be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or
Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust
or Profit under the United States, shall be
appointed an Elector.
The Electors shall meet in
their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two
Persons, of whom one at least shall not be an
Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And
they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for,
and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they
shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the
Seat of the Government of the United States,
directed to the President of the Senate. The
President of the Senate shall, in the Presence of
the Senate and House of Representatives, open all
the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be
counted. The Person having the greatest Number of
Votes shall be the President, if such Number be a
Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed;
and if there be more than one who have such
Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then
the House of Representatives shall immediately chuse
by Ballot one of them for President; and if no
Person have a Majority, then from the five highest
on the List the said House shall in like Manner
chuse the President. But in chusing the President,
the Votes shall be taken by States, the
Representation from each State having one Vote; a
quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or
Members from two thirds of the States, and a
Majority of all the States shall be necessary to a
Choice. In every Case, after the Choice of the
President, the Person having the greatest Number of
Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice President.
But if there should remain two or more who have
equal Votes, the Senate shall chuse from them by
Ballot the Vice President
[Modified
by Amendment XII].
The Congress may determine the
Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which
they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the
same throughout the United States.
No Person except a natural born
Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the
time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be
eligible to the Office of President; neither shall
any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not
have attained to the Age of thirty five Years, and
been fourteen Years a Resident within the United
States.
In Case of the Removal of the
President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation,
or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of
the said Office, the Same shall devolve on the Vice
President, and the Congress may by Law provide for
the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or
Inability, both of the President and Vice President,
declaring what Officer shall then act as President,
and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the
Disability be removed, or a President shall be
elected [Modified
by Amendment XXV].
The President shall, at stated
Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation,
which shall neither be increased nor diminished
during the Period for which he shall have been
elected, and he shall not receive within that Period
any other Emolument from the United States, or any
of them.
Before he enter on the Execution
of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or
Affirmation: — "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that
I will faithfully execute the Office of President of
the United States, and will to the best of my
Ability, preserve, protect and defend the
Constitution of the United States."
Section. 2.
The President shall be Commander in Chief of the
Army and Navy of the United States, and of the
Militia of the several States, when called into the
actual Service of the United States; he may require
the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in
each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject
relating to the Duties of their respective Offices,
and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and
Pardons for Offences against the United States,
except in Cases of Impeachment.
He shall have Power, by and with
the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make
Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators
present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and
with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall
appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and
Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other
Officers of the United States, whose Appointments
are not herein otherwise provided for, and which
shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by
Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers,
as they think proper, in the President alone, in the
Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.
The President shall have Power to
fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the
Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which
shall expire at the End of their next Session.
Section. 3.
He shall from time to time give to the Congress
Information of the State of the Union, and recommend
to their Consideration such Measures as he shall
judge necessary and expedient; he may, on
extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or
either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between
them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he
may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think
proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other
public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws
be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the
Officers of the United States.
Section. 4.
The President, Vice President and all civil Officers
of the United States, shall be removed from Office
on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason,
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
Article. III.
Section. 1.
The judicial Power of the United States shall be
vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior
Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain
and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and
inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during
good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive
for their Services a Compensation, which shall not
be diminished during their Continuance in Office.
Section. 2.
The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law
and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the
Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or
which shall be made, under their Authority; — to all
Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers
and Consuls; — to all Cases of admiralty and
maritime Jurisdiction; — to Controversies to which
the United States shall be a Party; — to
Controversies between two or more States; —
between a State and Citizens of another State [Modified
by Amendment XI]; — between Citizens of
different States; — between Citizens of the same
State claiming Lands under Grants of different
States, and between a State, or the Citizens
thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.
In all Cases affecting
Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and
those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme
Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the
other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court
shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law
and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such
Regulations as the Congress shall make.
The Trial of all Crimes, except in
Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such
Trial shall be held in the State where the said
Crimes shall have been committed; but when not
committed within any State, the Trial shall be at
such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have
directed.
Section. 3.
Treason against the United States shall consist only
in levying War against them, or in adhering to their
Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person
shall be convicted of Treason unless on the
Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or
on Confession in open Court.
The Congress shall have Power to
declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder
of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or
Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person
attainted.
Article. IV.
Section. 1.
Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State
to the public Acts, Records, and judicial
Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress
may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which
such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved,
and the Effect thereof.
Section. 2.
The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all
Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several
States.
A Person charged in any State with
Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from
Justice, and be found in another State, shall on
Demand of the executive Authority of the State from
which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the
State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.
No Person held to Service or
Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof,
escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any
Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such
Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on
Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour
may be due [Modified
by Amendment XIII].
Section. 3.
New States may be admitted by the Congress into this
Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected
within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any
State be formed by the Junction of two or more
States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of
the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as
of the Congress.
The Congress shall have Power to
dispose of and make all needful Rules and
Regulations respecting the Territory or other
Property belonging to the United States; and nothing
in this Constitution shall be so construed as to
Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any
particular State.
Section. 4.
The United States shall guarantee to every State in
this Union a Republican Form of Government, and
shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on
Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive
(when the Legislature cannot be convened), against
domestic Violence.
Article. V.
The Congress, whenever two thirds
of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall
propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the
Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the
several States, shall call a Convention for
proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall
be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of
this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures
of three fourths of the several States, or by
Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or
the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by
the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may
be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred
and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and
fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first
Article; and that no State, without its Consent,
shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the
Senate [Possibly
abrogated by Amendment XVII].
Article. VI.
All Debts contracted and
Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of
this Constitution, shall be as valid against the
United States under this Constitution, as under the
Confederation.
This Constitution, and the Laws of
the United States which shall be made in Pursuance
thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be
made, under the Authority of the United States,
shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges
in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in
the Constitution or Laws of any State to the
Contrary notwithstanding.
The Senators and Representatives
before mentioned, and the Members of the several
State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial
Officers, both of the United States and of the
several States, shall be bound by Oath or
Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no
religious Test shall ever be required as a
Qualification to any Office or public Trust under
the United States.
Article. VII.
The Ratification of the
Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for
the Establishment of this Constitution between the
States so ratifying the Same.
The Word, "the," being interlined
between the seventh and eighth Lines of the first
Page, The Word "Thirty" being partly written on an
Erazure in the fifteenth Line of the first Page, The
Words "is tried" being interlined between the thirty
second and thirty third Lines of the first Page and
the Word "the" being interlined between the forty
third and forty fourth Lines of the second Page.
Attest William Jackson
Secretary
done in Convention by the
Unanimous Consent of the States present the
Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord
one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of
the Independence of the United States of America the
Twelfth In witness whereof We have hereunto
subscribed our Names,
Go. WASHINGTON — Presidt.
and deputy from Virginia
- New Hampshire {
- JOHN LANGDON
NICHOLAS GILMAN
- Massachusetts {
- NATHANIEL GORHAM
RUFUS KING
- Connecticut {
- WM. SAML. JOHNSON
ROGER SHERMAN
- New York . . . .
- ALEXANDER HAMILTON
- New Jersey {
- WIL: LIVINGSTON
DAVID BREARLEY.
WM. PATERSON.
JONA: DAYTON
- Pennsylvania {
- B FRANKLIN
THOMAS MIFFLIN
ROBT MORRIS
GEO. CLYMER
THOS. FITZ SIMONS
JARED INGERSOLL
JAMES WILSON
GOUV MORRIS
- Delaware {
- GEO: READ
GUNNING BEDFORD jun
JOHN DICKINSON
RICHARD BASSETT
JACO: BROOM
- Maryland {
- JAMES MCHENRY
DAN OF ST THOS. JENIFER
DANL CARROLL
- Virginia {
- JOHN BLAIR
JAMES MADISON jr
- North Carolina {
- WM. BLOUNT
RICHD. DOBBS SPAIGHT
HU WILLIAMSON
- South Carolina {
- J. RUTLEDGE
CHARLES COTESWORTH PINCKNEY
CHARLES PINCKNEY
PIERCE BUTLER
- Georgia {
- WILLIAM FEW
ABR BALDWIN
In Convention Monday,
September 17th, 1787.
Present
The States of
New Hampshire, Massachusetts,
Connecticut, MR. Hamilton from New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia.
Resolved,
That the preceeding Constitution
be laid before the United States in Congress
assembled, and that it is the Opinion of this
Convention, that it should afterwards be submitted
to a Convention of Delegates, chosen in each State
by the People thereof, under the Recommendation of
its Legislature, for their Assent and Ratification;
and that each Convention assenting to, and ratifying
the Same, should give Notice thereof to the United
States in Congress assembled. Resolved, That it is
the Opinion of this Convention, that as soon as the
Conventions of nine States shall have ratified this
Constitution, the United States in Congress
assembled should fix a Day on which Electors should
be appointed by the States which have ratified the
same, and a Day on which the Electors should
assemble to vote for the President, and the Time and
Place for commencing Proceedings under this
Constitution. That after such Publication the
Electors should be appointed, and the Senators and
Representatives elected: That the Electors should
meet on the Day fixed for the Election of the
President, and should transmit their Votes
certified, signed, sealed and directed, as the
Constitution requires, to the Secretary of the
United States in Congress assembled, that the
Senators and Representatives should convene at the
Time and Place assigned; that the Senators should
appoint a President of the Senate, for the sole
purpose of receiving, opening and counting the Votes
for President; and, that after he shall be chosen,
the Congress, together with the President, should,
without Delay, proceed to execute this Constitution.
By the Unanimous Order of the
Convention
Go. WASHINGTON — Presidt.
W. JACKSON Secretary.
Notes:
1.
The title was not a part of the original document.
It was added when the document was printed.
2.
Our scanned images show this as a semi-colon, but an
image at a
congressional site shows a comma.
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